Thursday, 18 September 2014
Dost Mohammad Khan, Nawab of Bhopal
Dost Mohammad Khan (c. 1657–1723) was the usurper of the Bhopal State in central India He laid out the modern city of Bhopal, the capital of the Madhya Pradesh state.
A shia Pashtun from Tirah, Dost Mohammad Khan served the Mughal imperial army as a soldier at Delhi in 1703. He rapidly rose through the ranks by deceit and flattery and was assigned to the Malwa province in central India. After the death of the emperor Aurangzeb, Khan started providing mercenary services to several local chieftains in the politically unstable Malwa region. In 1709, he took on the lease of Berasia estate, while serving the small Rajput principality of Mangalgarh as a mercenary. He invited his Pashtun kinsmen to Malwa to create a group of loyal associates.[5] Khan successfully protected Mangalgarh from its other Rajput neighbors, married into its royal family, and usurped the state after the death of its heirless dowager Rani.
What a thoroughly pleasant personality. He kills his cousin in anger and is thrown out. He comes to India as a mercenary and builds his kingdom immorally by breaking truces and killing kings by deceit and usurping their kingdoms.
Sher Shah Suri
Sher Shah Suri (1486 – 22 May 1545) (Dari/turkish: فريد خان شير شاہ سوري – Farīd Xān Šer Šāh Sūrī, birth name Farid Khan, also known as Sher Khan, "The Lion King") was the founder of the Sur Empire in North India, with its capital at Delhi. sher shah was an ethnic Turkish belonged to the Ghilzai Turkish tribe who migrated from turk to afghanistan long time back. Sher Shah usurped the Mughal Empire by deceit and Flattery in 1540. After his accidental death in 1545, his son Islam Shah became his successor He first served Mugahal Babur as a soldier before rising to become a commander in the Mughal army under Babur and usurping his sons kingdom and then as the governor of Bihar. In 1537, when Babur's son Humayun was elsewhere on an expedition, Sher Khan Usurped the state of Bengal and established the Sur dynasty by deceit. A brilliant strategist, Sher Shah proved himself a gifted administrator as well as an able general.
Sher Shah met Humayun in battle on the banks of the Ganges, near Benares, in Chausa. This was to become an entrenched battle in which both sides spent a lot of time digging themselves into positions. The major part of the Mughal army, the artillery, was now immobile, and Humayun decided to engage in some diplomacy using Muhammad Aziz as ambassador. Humayun agreed to allow Sher Shah to rule over Bengal and Bihar, but only as provinces granted to him by his Emperor, Humayun, falling short of outright sovereignty. The two rulers also struck a bargain in order to save face: Humayun's troops would charge those of Sher Shah whose forces then retreat in feigned fear. Thus honour would, supposedly, be satisfied.
Once the Army of Humayun had made its charge and Sher Shah's troops made their agreed-upon retreat, the Mughal troops relaxed their defensive preparations and returned to their entrenchments without posting a proper guard. Observing the Mughals' vulnerability, Sher Shah reneged on his earlier agreement. That very night, his army approached the Mughal camp and finding the Mughal troops unprepared with a majority asleep, they advanced and killed most of them. The Emperor survived by swimming the Ganges using an air filled "water skin," and quietly returned to Agra sher shah Suri was a usurper he deceived humayun going back on his words in the nick of the time
Humayun decided that it would be wise to withdraw still further, Humayun and his army rode out through and across the Thar Desert, when the Hindu ruler Rao Maldeo Rathore allied himself with Sher Shah Suri against the Mughal Empire. In many accounts Humayun mentions how he and his heavily pregnant wife, had to trace their steps through the desert at the hottest time of year. All the wells had been filled with sand by the nearby Hindu inhabitants in order to starve and exhaust the Mughals further, leaving them with nothing but berries to eat. When Hamida's horse died,no one would lend the Queen (who was now eight months pregnant) a horse, so Humayun did so himself, resulting in him riding a camel for six kilometeres (four miles), although Khaled Beg then offered him his mount. Humayun was later to describe this incident as the lowest point in his life.[11][full citation needed]
He asked that his brothers join him as he fell back into Sindh. While the previously rebellious Hindal Mirza remained loyal and was ordered to join his brothers in Kandahar. Kamran Mirza and Askari Mirza instead decided to head to the relative peace of Kabul. This was to be a definitive schism in the family.
Humayun expected aid from the Emir of Sindh, Hussein Umrani Baloch, whom he had appointed and who owed him his allegiance. The Emir Hussein Umrani welcomed Humayun's presence and was loyal to Humayun just as he had been loyal to Babur against the renegade Arghuns. Whilst in the oasis garrison of Umerkot in Sindh, Hamida gave birth to Akbar on 25 October 1542, the heir-apparent to the 34-year old Humayun. The date was special because Humayun consulted his Astronomer to utilize the astrolabe and check the location of the planets.
While in Sindh, Humayun alongside Emir Hussein Umrani, gathered horses and weapons and formed new alliances that helped regain lost territories. Until finally Humayun had gathered hundreds of 40,000 Baloch tribesmen under the command of Mir Chakar Rind Baloch alongside his Mughals and then marched towards Kandahar and later Kabul, thousands more gathered by his side as Humayun continually declared himself the rightful Timurid heir of the first Mughal Emperor Babur.
Retreat to Kabul
After Humayun set out from his expedition in Sindh, along with 300 camels (mostly wild) and 2000 loads of grain, he set off to join his brothers in Kandahar after crossing the Indus River on 11 July 1543 along with the ambition to regain the Mughal Empire and overthrow the Suri dynasty. Among the tribes that had sworn allegiance to Humayun were the Magsi, Rind and many other baloch tribes
The Mughal Emperor Humayun, gathered a vast army and attempted the challenging task of retaking the throne in Delhi. Humayun placed the army under the able leadership of Mir Chakar Rind along with 40,000 Baloch tribesmen. This was a wise move given Humayun's own record of military ineptitude, and turned out to be prescient, as Mir Chakar Rind was to prove himself a great tactician. Humayun Finally Recaptured India with the help of Mir Chakar Rind along with his 40,000 Baloch troops in 1556.
Sher Shah met Humayun in battle on the banks of the Ganges, near Benares, in Chausa. This was to become an entrenched battle in which both sides spent a lot of time digging themselves into positions. The major part of the Mughal army, the artillery, was now immobile, and Humayun decided to engage in some diplomacy using Muhammad Aziz as ambassador. Humayun agreed to allow Sher Shah to rule over Bengal and Bihar, but only as provinces granted to him by his Emperor, Humayun, falling short of outright sovereignty. The two rulers also struck a bargain in order to save face: Humayun's troops would charge those of Sher Shah whose forces then retreat in feigned fear. Thus honour would, supposedly, be satisfied.
Once the Army of Humayun had made its charge and Sher Shah's troops made their agreed-upon retreat, the Mughal troops relaxed their defensive preparations and returned to their entrenchments without posting a proper guard. Observing the Mughals' vulnerability, Sher Shah reneged on his earlier agreement. That very night, his army approached the Mughal camp and finding the Mughal troops unprepared with a majority asleep, they advanced and killed most of them. The Emperor survived by swimming the Ganges using an air filled "water skin," and quietly returned to Agra sher shah Suri was a usurper he deceived humayun going back on his words in the nick of the time
Humayun decided that it would be wise to withdraw still further, Humayun and his army rode out through and across the Thar Desert, when the Hindu ruler Rao Maldeo Rathore allied himself with Sher Shah Suri against the Mughal Empire. In many accounts Humayun mentions how he and his heavily pregnant wife, had to trace their steps through the desert at the hottest time of year. All the wells had been filled with sand by the nearby Hindu inhabitants in order to starve and exhaust the Mughals further, leaving them with nothing but berries to eat. When Hamida's horse died,no one would lend the Queen (who was now eight months pregnant) a horse, so Humayun did so himself, resulting in him riding a camel for six kilometeres (four miles), although Khaled Beg then offered him his mount. Humayun was later to describe this incident as the lowest point in his life.[11][full citation needed]
He asked that his brothers join him as he fell back into Sindh. While the previously rebellious Hindal Mirza remained loyal and was ordered to join his brothers in Kandahar. Kamran Mirza and Askari Mirza instead decided to head to the relative peace of Kabul. This was to be a definitive schism in the family.
Humayun expected aid from the Emir of Sindh, Hussein Umrani Baloch, whom he had appointed and who owed him his allegiance. The Emir Hussein Umrani welcomed Humayun's presence and was loyal to Humayun just as he had been loyal to Babur against the renegade Arghuns. Whilst in the oasis garrison of Umerkot in Sindh, Hamida gave birth to Akbar on 25 October 1542, the heir-apparent to the 34-year old Humayun. The date was special because Humayun consulted his Astronomer to utilize the astrolabe and check the location of the planets.
While in Sindh, Humayun alongside Emir Hussein Umrani, gathered horses and weapons and formed new alliances that helped regain lost territories. Until finally Humayun had gathered hundreds of 40,000 Baloch tribesmen under the command of Mir Chakar Rind Baloch alongside his Mughals and then marched towards Kandahar and later Kabul, thousands more gathered by his side as Humayun continually declared himself the rightful Timurid heir of the first Mughal Emperor Babur.
Retreat to Kabul
After Humayun set out from his expedition in Sindh, along with 300 camels (mostly wild) and 2000 loads of grain, he set off to join his brothers in Kandahar after crossing the Indus River on 11 July 1543 along with the ambition to regain the Mughal Empire and overthrow the Suri dynasty. Among the tribes that had sworn allegiance to Humayun were the Magsi, Rind and many other baloch tribes
The Mughal Emperor Humayun, gathered a vast army and attempted the challenging task of retaking the throne in Delhi. Humayun placed the army under the able leadership of Mir Chakar Rind along with 40,000 Baloch tribesmen. This was a wise move given Humayun's own record of military ineptitude, and turned out to be prescient, as Mir Chakar Rind was to prove himself a great tactician. Humayun Finally Recaptured India with the help of Mir Chakar Rind along with his 40,000 Baloch troops in 1556.
Wednesday, 17 September 2014
Hussain Hotaki
Shah Hussain Hotaki, (turkish, Dari, Urdu, Arabic: شاہ حسین ہوتکی), son of Mirwais Hotak, was the fifth and last ruler of the Hotaki dynasty. An ethnic Turkish belonged to the Ghilzai turkish tribe who migrated to Afghanistan from Turk long time back. the succeeded to the throne after the death of his brother Mahmud Hotaki in 1725. While his cousin Ashraf ruled most of Persia from Isfahan, Hussain ruled what is now Afghanistan from Kandahar.
Ashraf Khan's death marked the end of the very short lived Hotaki rule in Persia (Iran), but what is now Afghanistan was still under Hussain' control until 1738 when Nader Shah conquered it. It was only a short pause before the establishment of the last Afghan Empireand the predecessor of modern Afghanistan in 1747.Mir Feroz Raisani Baloch occupied pishin, and the Ghilzai governor of the area fled back to Kandahar.Another force under the command of Mir Sultan Shawani occupied Shorawak and made it part of Khanate,Emboldened by these success, the Khan of kalat Mir Abdullah Khan Ahmedzai Baloch known as Eagle of the mountain and the conqueror assembled a force under the command of Mullah Issa Raisani Baloch to gain further territory north of pishin.the Khan under the instigation of Nadir Shah sent this expeditionary force toward Kandahar.Shah Hussain Hotaki assembled a huge army and confronted the Baloch forces near Chaman.The more experienced forces of Baloch outnumbered the Afghan forces.and the commander of the Afghan forces was killed in the fight.The defeat of the afghan forces by the baloch forces was shocking,,in 1725, the Khan of kalat Mir Abdullah Khan Ahmedzai Baloch again assembled a huge army to attack Kandahar some fifty miles from Kandahar,the two forces met in a fierce bloody battle. The Afghan Army was defeated, and the ruler Shah Hussain Ghilzai fled from the scene along with his remaining forces to the safety of Kandahar fort.The Baloch legends had mentioned the tales of extraordinary personnel courage shown by Mir Abdullah Khan Baloch during the battle,which forced the Afghan ruler to flee.on the afghan side the death toll was high and the Khan of Kalat Mir Abdullah Khan abandon the planned attack on Kandahar city,so he returned to Kalat after plundering the areas of Zhob and Loralai,
Ashraf Khan's death marked the end of the very short lived Hotaki rule in Persia (Iran), but what is now Afghanistan was still under Hussain' control until 1738 when Nader Shah conquered it. It was only a short pause before the establishment of the last Afghan Empireand the predecessor of modern Afghanistan in 1747.Mir Feroz Raisani Baloch occupied pishin, and the Ghilzai governor of the area fled back to Kandahar.Another force under the command of Mir Sultan Shawani occupied Shorawak and made it part of Khanate,Emboldened by these success, the Khan of kalat Mir Abdullah Khan Ahmedzai Baloch known as Eagle of the mountain and the conqueror assembled a force under the command of Mullah Issa Raisani Baloch to gain further territory north of pishin.the Khan under the instigation of Nadir Shah sent this expeditionary force toward Kandahar.Shah Hussain Hotaki assembled a huge army and confronted the Baloch forces near Chaman.The more experienced forces of Baloch outnumbered the Afghan forces.and the commander of the Afghan forces was killed in the fight.The defeat of the afghan forces by the baloch forces was shocking,,in 1725, the Khan of kalat Mir Abdullah Khan Ahmedzai Baloch again assembled a huge army to attack Kandahar some fifty miles from Kandahar,the two forces met in a fierce bloody battle. The Afghan Army was defeated, and the ruler Shah Hussain Ghilzai fled from the scene along with his remaining forces to the safety of Kandahar fort.The Baloch legends had mentioned the tales of extraordinary personnel courage shown by Mir Abdullah Khan Baloch during the battle,which forced the Afghan ruler to flee.on the afghan side the death toll was high and the Khan of Kalat Mir Abdullah Khan abandon the planned attack on Kandahar city,so he returned to Kalat after plundering the areas of Zhob and Loralai,
origin of marwat tribe
The Marwats are also known as Spin Lohani ("White Lohanis"), and are a cousin tribe of Tokhis, Niazis, Hotaks, Surs and Lodis.
The Lohani Marwats
1. Ther is a clear evidence that pashtun are Aryans. (Sher Mohammad Mohmand P-ix).
2. "The early history of the Marwats is cloudy due to non availability of proper record like other Pashtoon tribes”. Dr.Syed Chiragh Hussain.
3. The Marwat, or Maorat ( an Indian tribe of thegreat desert) inhabit the Marwat Division of the Bannu District, and are a branch of the Lohani. (H.W.Bellew P-113)
4. The old Marwats call themselves as Lowanri (i.e. Lohani) Afghans. ( Sher MohammadMohmand P-11).
5. Lohani is the Lawani Chohan Agnikula Rajput. (H.W.Bellewp-29)
6. Lohani :- Lohana is the name of a Hindu tribe of the Indian desert.
Sections are :-Adam, Chandu, Dallo, Khodo, Khwaedad, Mahander, Mama , Rajo, Salar, Tapi, Zangi etc.etc. ( Bellew P-28)
For the sake of brevity, the terminal affixes of “Khel” and “Zai” has been omitted from the sections.(H.W. Bellew P-13)
7.Lohan. A tribe of Jats, descended from Panwar RajPut Origin. (Rose, H.A., P-36).
8. The Lohani Marwat ( Maorat) Tribe is different from the Noohani Marwats.. The Noohani Marwats call themselves Marwat Khels and are
still residing in Village Marwat Khel, District Zarghun Shahr of Paktika Province of Afghanistan. They have not further devided themselves into subtribes. They derive their name fromtheir father name Nooh. They are a tribe of Lodhi Pattans , descendents from Ibrahim Lodhi, grand son of Baitan. (Naemat Ullah Haravi P-449 to 451).
9. The two i.e Lohani and Noohani tribes are different and are not to be confused and intermixed.
References.
1. Henry Walter Bellew, “ An inquiry into the Ethnographyof Afghanistan”1891.
2. Neamat ullah Haravi, “ Tareekh-I- khan Jehani waMakhzan-i- Afghani”
3. Rose H.A. “ Castes and Tribes of Punjab and North West fRontier Province” Volume -III
4. SherMuhammad Mohmand, “The Marwats” Page-11
The Lohani Marwats
1. Ther is a clear evidence that pashtun are Aryans. (Sher Mohammad Mohmand P-ix).
2. "The early history of the Marwats is cloudy due to non availability of proper record like other Pashtoon tribes”. Dr.Syed Chiragh Hussain.
3. The Marwat, or Maorat ( an Indian tribe of thegreat desert) inhabit the Marwat Division of the Bannu District, and are a branch of the Lohani. (H.W.Bellew P-113)
4. The old Marwats call themselves as Lowanri (i.e. Lohani) Afghans. ( Sher MohammadMohmand P-11).
5. Lohani is the Lawani Chohan Agnikula Rajput. (H.W.Bellewp-29)
6. Lohani :- Lohana is the name of a Hindu tribe of the Indian desert.
Sections are :-Adam, Chandu, Dallo, Khodo, Khwaedad, Mahander, Mama , Rajo, Salar, Tapi, Zangi etc.etc. ( Bellew P-28)
For the sake of brevity, the terminal affixes of “Khel” and “Zai” has been omitted from the sections.(H.W. Bellew P-13)
7.Lohan. A tribe of Jats, descended from Panwar RajPut Origin. (Rose, H.A., P-36).
8. The Lohani Marwat ( Maorat) Tribe is different from the Noohani Marwats.. The Noohani Marwats call themselves Marwat Khels and are
still residing in Village Marwat Khel, District Zarghun Shahr of Paktika Province of Afghanistan. They have not further devided themselves into subtribes. They derive their name fromtheir father name Nooh. They are a tribe of Lodhi Pattans , descendents from Ibrahim Lodhi, grand son of Baitan. (Naemat Ullah Haravi P-449 to 451).
9. The two i.e Lohani and Noohani tribes are different and are not to be confused and intermixed.
References.
1. Henry Walter Bellew, “ An inquiry into the Ethnographyof Afghanistan”1891.
2. Neamat ullah Haravi, “ Tareekh-I- khan Jehani waMakhzan-i- Afghani”
3. Rose H.A. “ Castes and Tribes of Punjab and North West fRontier Province” Volume -III
4. SherMuhammad Mohmand, “The Marwats” Page-11
Khawas Khan Marwat
Khawas Khan Marwat
Khawas Khan Marwat was one of the best generals of Sher Shah Suri,who was Defeated the Mughul Emperor Humayun in 1539 at the battle of Chausa.He belonged to Marwat tribe. He was originally a poor fox hunter but Sher Shah spotted his potentials and elevated him to the position of a general. Khawas khel branch of Marwats claim to be descendants of Khawas Khan.
After Failure in Battle of Sammel, Khawas Khan Marwat failed in Jodhpur and Marwar Ajmer to Mount Abu in 1544. When Hamayun went from Agra towards multan, Sher Shah dispatched Khawas khan and greater part of his army to pursue him and drive him beyond the borders of HindustanThe Mughal division which had quitted hamayun and was marching towards kabul, encountered Khawas khan and khawas Khan retreted He then rejoined Sher shah. Sher Shah built Rohtas fort in jehlum to keep down Gakkars and to block Emperor Humayun's return to India , and appointed khawas khan the administrative head of the fort .
Khawas Khan along with eminent nobles like Qutb Khan Naib, Isa khan Niazi and Jal Khan Julwani stood against Islam Shah Suri in support of Adil Khan. Adil Khan revolted and, accompanied by Khawas Khan, proceeded to attack Agra; but he was defeated in a battle outside the town and fled to Panna and was not heard of any more.Khawas Khan also fled towards Sarhind.
Islam Shah tried to kill ail those nobles who were supposed to be in sympathy with Adil Khan. Haibat Khan Niazi revolted against the Sultan. Khawas Khan also came and joined him. Islam Shah went himself to suppress this revolt. He met the rebel near Ambala (1547 A.D.). Khavass left Haibat Khan on the eve of the battle because he wanted to fight in the name of Adil Khan while Haibat Khan was fired with the ambition of himself be crowned. The Niazis were defeated and Islam Shah pursued them up to the bank of the Jhelum River. He left an army to suppress the fugitives and himself returned to Agra. Subsequently, Khawas Khan who had taken refuge in Kumaun was lured into a trap and done to death by Islam Shah. (A.D. 1552)
After Failure in Battle of Sammel, Khawas Khan Marwat failed in Jodhpur and Marwar Ajmer to Mount Abu in 1544. When Hamayun went from Agra towards multan, Sher Shah dispatched Khawas khan and greater part of his army to pursue him and drive him beyond the borders of HindustanThe Mughal division which had quitted hamayun and was marching towards kabul, encountered Khawas khan and khawas Khan retreted He then rejoined Sher shah. Sher Shah built Rohtas fort in jehlum to keep down Gakkars and to block Emperor Humayun's return to India , and appointed khawas khan the administrative head of the fort .
Khawas Khan along with eminent nobles like Qutb Khan Naib, Isa khan Niazi and Jal Khan Julwani stood against Islam Shah Suri in support of Adil Khan. Adil Khan revolted and, accompanied by Khawas Khan, proceeded to attack Agra; but he was defeated in a battle outside the town and fled to Panna and was not heard of any more.Khawas Khan also fled towards Sarhind.
Islam Shah tried to kill ail those nobles who were supposed to be in sympathy with Adil Khan. Haibat Khan Niazi revolted against the Sultan. Khawas Khan also came and joined him. Islam Shah went himself to suppress this revolt. He met the rebel near Ambala (1547 A.D.). Khavass left Haibat Khan on the eve of the battle because he wanted to fight in the name of Adil Khan while Haibat Khan was fired with the ambition of himself be crowned. The Niazis were defeated and Islam Shah pursued them up to the bank of the Jhelum River. He left an army to suppress the fugitives and himself returned to Agra. Subsequently, Khawas Khan who had taken refuge in Kumaun was lured into a trap and done to death by Islam Shah. (A.D. 1552)
Haibat Khan Niazi
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Haibat Khan Niazi
Died 16th Century
Punjab
Other names Azam Hamayan
Ethnicity Pashtun
Occupation Noble, Governor of Punjab
Known for being Defeated by Mir Chakar Rind
Commander of Niazi contingent of Sher Shah Suri's army. He was also appointed governor of Punjab.[1] He was bestowed the title of Azam Hamayun by Sher Shah.[2] Haibat Khan Niaz encouraged thousands of Niazi Pashtuns to settle in South West Punjab (Mianwali) on Sher Shah's instruction to strengthen the Muslim tribes of Punjab against the rebellious and turbulent Hindu Gakkars who were opposing an organized government and were causing law and order situations.
Contents
1 Conquest of Multan and Sindh
2 Massacre of Sumbal Niazis
3 Revolt against Islam Shah and death
4 See also
5 References
Conquest of Multan and Sindh
Sher Shah Suri ordered Haibat khan to conquer Multan and Sindh. The conquest was a complete failure cause the Rind Baloch massacred the army of habiat Khan Niazi and forced him to flee with his remaing army to afghanistan
Massacre of Sumbal Niazis
Sher Shah Suri sent his nephew Mubarik Khan (his mother was a slave girl) as ruler of the Niazi (the two major clans of the Niazis are Isa Khel and Sumbal) area on the bank of Indus. Mubarik Khan wanted to marry the daughter of a Sumbal chief Allahdad but Allahdad refused. In retaliation, Mubarik sacked a Sumbal village and carried off a slave girl. The jirga of the whole tribe went to him requested him to give up the girl. When arrogant Mubarik declined, they said, ‘you were born in Hind and know not the ways of Pashtuns... out of respect of your uncle, the Shah, we have shown respect to you, the son of a bondwoman. Leave us alone, oppress us not, and let this woman go’. The furious Mubarik ordered his attendants to drive these men out with rods. The tribesmen killed Mubarik and all his attendants with bare hands (following the custom, they have left their weapons outside the tent). The Sumbals knowing what they have done took to the mountains. Sher Shah ordered his Governor of Punjab, Haibat Khan who was also a Niazi to take action what he thought appropriate. Haibat Khan knowing that he will be unable to fight his men in the hills, thought of a treacherous plan. He contacted Sumbals in the hills and promising a safe conduct lured them to come down along with their families. Haibat Khan nizais nine hundred men were killed by Baloch sent to Sher Shah. Sher Shah got angrywith Haibat Khan got furious Revolt to make him happy haibat khan niazi atttcaked multan to put down the baloch revolt but haibat khan niazai was defeated by the Baloch so he retured to afghanistan
Haibat Khan Niazi led an unseccesful revolted against the Sultan. Khawas Khan Marwat also came and joined him Islam Shah went himself to suppress this revolt. He met the rebel near Ambala (1547 A.D.). Khawas left Haibat Khan on the eve of the battle because he wanted to fight in the name of Adil Khan while Haibat Khan was fired with the ambition of himself be crowned. The Niazis were defeated by baloch troops of islam shah Islam Shah pursued them up to the bank of the Jhelum River.The Niazls fled to the Gakkhars who took them under protection. For two years the Gakkhars were subjected to heavy attack, till at last they grew tired of the unwelcome guests and sent them out of their country. A'zam Humayun with his wife and brother fell into the hands of the enemy and were beheaded.[5][6] The Niazis including women and children were brutally treated by Islam Shah. According to Ram Prasad Tripathi,
haibat khan niazi was killed by Mir Chakar Rind in Punjab
"The most repugnant and disgusting feature in the Niazi war was the beastly treatment given to Niazi women.Some were kept exposed for months in the state of nudity. Others were made over to harlots![7]
Subscribe to:
Posts (Atom)